Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2010 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
Brilhante, Tatiana Magalhães
 |
| Orientador(a): |
Micheletto, Nilza |
| Banca de defesa: |
Não Informado pela instituição |
| Tipo de documento: |
Dissertação
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| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
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| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Psicologia Experimental: Análise do Comportamento
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| Departamento: |
Psicologia
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| País: |
BR
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| Palavras-chave em Português: |
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| Palavras-chave em Inglês: |
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| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
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| Link de acesso: |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16878
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Resumo: |
This study is a systematic replication of Caldera (2009) aiming to analyze the effects of variability on the selection of a low probability response in human participants, and also to determine if different response costs to the response of key pressing on two keyboards could influence the variable responding. The changes on the original procedure were: distribution of the participants in several groups according to variability levels (high, medium or low) shown during baseline; use of discrete trials; use of continuous reinforcement for the target sequence; increase in the number of experimental sessions; and increase in response cost. The participants were eighteen undergraduate students, and the task demanded the production of figures on the computer screen by pressing two keys on separate keyboards. The behavioral unit analyzed was a sequence of four key presses that was reinforced by the presentation of parts of each required figure on the computer screen. The three programmed experimental conditions were: variability, yoked and control. On the variability condition, two reinforcement contingencies operated in a concurrent fashion: one for completing sequences that attended the variability criterion, and the other for completing the target sequence. The contingencies involved on the yoked condition were: completing a sequence without a demand for variability followed by reinforcement according to the reinforcement distribution on the variability condition, and continuous reinforcement for completing a target sequence. On the control condition only the target sequence was reinforced. The participants were distributed in groups based on: (1) the distance between the keyboards, (2) the conditions they were exposed to, (3) the order of the conditions they were exposed to. The results were analyzed using the following measures: U index values, number of each sequence type completed, distribution of sequences, number of sequence alternations, and number of reinforcers obtained for the completed sequences. Overall, results shown that: 1) the RDF contingency was effective to produce more variability compared to baseline; 2) the response cost interfered in the level of variability since the participants with nearby keyboards shown more variability than the ones with distant keyboards; 3) the majority of participants learned the target sequences; 4) when the target sequence was selected there was a marked reduction of the other sequences, so it produced a smaller variability level, almost always from the second session on. These results differed greatly from the data obtained by Caldeira (2009), specially about the interference of the response cost on the production of variability, and the learning of the target sequence by most of the participants in this study |
