Gestantes soropositivas: dimensões psicossociais na adesão ao pré-natal

• Ano de defesa: 2008
• Autor(a) principal: Moskovics, Jenny Milner
• Orientador(a): Nunes, Maria Lúcia Tiellet
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre
• Palavras-chave em Português: PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL; SAÚDE - PSICOLOGIA; HIV - VÍRUS; AIDS; GESTAÇÃO - AIDS; TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL DE DOENÇA; PRÉ-NATAL; MULHERES; TERAPÊUTICA
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4897

The present study’s objective is to investigate the psychological, social and institutional factors which affect the adhesion to the HIV-positive women prenatal. Observing the possibility of health maintenance, from the discovery of antiretroviral drugs, the great challenge for directors of STD/Aids politics, for health services and for the own people who live with HIV became the adhesion to the treatment. In what concerns the viral transmission from mothers to their sons, through the denominated vertical transmission, it is known that the possibility is around 20%, on the other hand, it can be lowered to 1%, due to the use of medication during pregnancy, to the elective cesarean and to the substitution of maternal breastfeeding. The study consists of a literature revision on the adhesion to the treatment of chronic diseases, pointing out the case of Aids, and in two empirical researches of qualitative character, one with HIV-positive women – 10 subscribed and 5 non-subscribed to the prenatal – and, another, with 6 health professionals with experience on the attendance of these women, in 3 specialized services, in the city of Porto Alegre. In order to achieve it, theoretical references to the field of Health Psychology were used, specially the Biopsicosocial Model in the Systemic-Ecological Perspective, the concept of Vulnerability and the Paradigm of Caution. The data was analyzed through the Analysis of Content, from three final categories derived from literature, which were defined a priori: “individual factors”, “social factors” and “institutional factors”. After the identification of the other units of analysis and their categorization, the empirical data was interpreted based on theoretical presumptions, trying to establish parallels and differences among the three studied groups, in the search of understanding of the different points of view about the investigational problem.The results of this study show that the interaction of characteristics of the HIV-positive pregnant with the context variability of her prenatal treatment is depended on her adhesion and that it must be thought from the complexity of variables or factors which interact in a singular way for each one of these women. They show, also, the important role of health services and their professionals, in what concerns the facilitation of access to attendance and, specially, in relation to the established caution between professionals and pregnant women, in which the reality lived by these women is taken into account, as well as the symbolical meanings which permeate the pregnancy and Aids.