Perfil nutricional e a relação com o estado de saúde em uma UTI pediátrica

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Cabral, Daiane Drescher
• Orientador(a): Garcia, Pedro Celiny Ramos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre
• Palavras-chave em Português: MEDICINA; PEDIATRIA; AVALIAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL; UNIDADES DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA PEDIÁTRICA; DESNUTRIÇÃO
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4656

Objective Assess the nutritional status of patients admitted in a PICU to check the influence of malnutrition on patient characteristics, on energy offer and the outcome. Methods This was a prospective observational descriptive cohort study, realized from 01/09/2009 to 31/08/2010 in patients admitted in a PICU of a university hospital. Data were collected during admission and hospitalization. Anthropometric data were analyzed according to the curves of the World Health Organization, stratified in not malnourished and malnourished. Outcomes such as mortality, organic dysfunction, length of stay, use of mechanical ventilation and vasoactive drugs were assessed. The energy offer received was compared with Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE) and Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) and the restrictions on energy offer of patients were also analyzed. Results The sample was constituted of 475 admissions. Malnutrition as measured by BMI-for-age (p <0. 001) were independently associated with mortality. Male patients, age <12 months, PIM2> 6 and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) on admission were associated with malnutrition (p <0. 05). Malnutrition respiratory dysfunction, cardiovascular and neurological as well as MODS, use of mechanical ventilation, use of vasoactive drugs, prolonged hospitalization and death were associated on adminission (p<0. 05). 79. 2% remained without Energy Offer (EO) and 9. 7% stayed for >2 days. 35. 6% had pauses in the EO and 6. 3% had >2 days. According to the BEE 78. 3% reached the value of EO and 36. 6% reached only >5 days or never reached. According to the DRI 51. 8% reached the value of EO and 63. 4% only reached >5 days EO or never reached. The pauses in the EO and frequency of pauses in the EO >2 days were associated with malnutrition (p <0. 05). The malnourished reached 74. 3% (p=0,265) of the value of EO, by BEE and 49. 5% (p=0,002) reached >5 days of EO or never reached. Reached the value of EO, by DRI, 27. 7% of the malnourished and only 84. 2% reached >5 days of EO or never reached (p <0. 001).Conclusions The malnourished had a higher risk of mortality, presented more dysfunction and organ failure, used more mechanical ventilation and more vasoactive drugs, the length of stay was longer and the mortality greater. A considerable number of malnourished carried more pauses in the EO, obtained a lower value of EO and when reached, remained longer with an inadequate EO.