O ensino da matemática nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: concepções e práticas docentes

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Fabrício, Anelise Diehl
• Orientador(a): Engers, Maria Emilia Amaral
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre
• Palavras-chave em Português: MATEMÁTICA - ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL; EDUCAÇÃO - MATEMÁTICA; PROFESSORES - ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL; JOGOS EDUCATIVOS
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/2917

This investigation aims at the educational conception and action involved in organizing situations of teaching and learning Mathematics in the early years of Elementary School, as well as at the analysis of the perceptions expressed by the subjects in the educational practice. This study is based on the qualitative paradigm and the approach used was the case study, investigating the action and the reflection movement of the participants in the research concerning situations of teaching and learning Mathematics. The theoretical framework is supported by authors such as Vigotski, Piaget, Ausubel, Novak, Baquero, Coll, Kamii, Kishimoto, Micotti, Carraher, Alarcão, Panizza, Pozo, Macedo, Antunes, Santos, Emerique, Baratojo, Freire, Volquind, Zabala, among others. The research took place in a private elementary school in Porto Alegre. The data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews with eight participants: five students, a school principal, a school supervisor, a teacher. There were also a questionnaire answered by five families and class observations. The data was analyzed as proposed by Engers (1987) and the process gave rise to three main categories which were made into two pillars called: learning based on ludicity: the importance of games and materials for teaching Mathematics in the early years; the teacher as mediator: organizing situations for teaching and learning Mathematics. The results obtained from the data analysis indicate that parents perceive their children motivated to learn when the classes promote a playful space revealed in games and concrete materials, which are relevant for meaningful learning. The students, in their turn, interact cooperatively in this space organized by the teacher-mediator, proving, thus, the importance of the pedagogical intervention for the construction of cognitive relationships that are translated into learning.Another aspect emerging from the research is the relevance of previous knowledge and everyday events in each student’s life as crucial elements in the teacher’s action.