Evolução dos modos de óbitos em unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica no sul do Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2005
• Autor(a) principal: Kipper, Délio José
• Orientador(a): Piva, Jefferson Pedro
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre
• Palavras-chave em Português: MEDICINA; PEDIATRIA - TERAPIA INTENSIVA; UNIDADES DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA PEDIÁTRICA; MORTE
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4727

Objective: study the possible change on mode of deaths, medical decision practices and family participation on decisions for limiting life-sustaining treatments (L-LST) over a period of 13 years in three pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) located in southern Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study based on a retrospective chart review (1988 and 1998) and on prospective data collection (from May 1999 to May 2000). Setting: three Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazilian Region. Patients: children who died in those PICUs during the years of 1988, 1998 and between May 1999 and May 2000. Results: the 3 PICUs admitted 6233 children during the study period with a mortality rate of 9. 2% (575 deaths) and 509 (88. 5%) medical charts were evaluated in this study. Full measures for life support (F-CPR) were recognized in 374 (73. 5%) children before dying, brain death (BD) was diagnosed in 43 (8. 4%) and 92 (18. 1%) underwent some limitation of life support treatment (LLST) There were 140 (27. 5%) deaths within the first 24 hours of admission and 128 of them (91. 4%) received F-CPR, while just 11 (7. 9%) patients underwent L-LST. The average length of stay (LOS) for the death group submitted to FCPR was lower (3 days) than the L-LST group (8. 5 days, p<0. 05). The rate of FCPR before death decreased significantly between1988 (89. 1%) and 1999/2000 (60. 8%) while the L-LST rose in this period from 6. 2% to 31. 3%. These changes were not uniform among the 3 PICUs, with different rates of L-LST (p<0. 05). The families were involved in the decision-making process for L-LST in 35. 9% of the cases, increasing from 12. 5% in 1988 to 48. 6% in 1999/2000. The L-LST plans were recorded in the medical charts in 76. 1% of the deaths, increasing from 50. 0% in 1988 to 95. 9% in 1999/2000. Conclusion: we observed that the modes of deaths in southern Brazilian PICUs changed over the last 13 years, with an increment in L-LST. However, this change was not uniform among the studied PICUs and did not reach the levels described in countries of the northern hemisphere. The family participation in the L-LST decision-making process has increased over the time but it is still far behind from what is observed in other parts of the world.