Sambaquis da barreira da Itapeva: uma perspectiva geoarqueológica
Ano de defesa: | 2009 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
Porto Alegre |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Não Informado pela instituição
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Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
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País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
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Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Link de acesso: | http://hdl.handle.net/10923/3866 |
Resumo: | The sambaquis of Rio Grande do Sul northern coastal plain have been known since the end of 19th century, when naturalists and historians had accomplished former observations. At that moment, the sambaquis were related to sea level changes, as a way to explain the associated processes of their constitution. Nevertheless, it was only on 1980 decade that the changes in the landscapes were used to explain the sites localizations, their environment strategies localizations and the related chronology. The aim of the present study is to explore and understand the environmental areas which were chosen by the sambaquis fisher-gatherers had here inhabited 3. 500 years ago. For that, the adoption of a geoarcheological perspective applied to a specific area is needed, named here as Itapeva barrier. Using a palaeogeographic model, it is possible to understand the geomorphological landscapes formation of the studied area, where a coast parallel sandy ridges series rises among lands of depressed shape which are filled by small lagoons, channels and swamps. Aeolian processes that are impelled by regional specific climatic conditions were responsible either for the ridges erosion, either for the intense sedimentation, which characterizes a dynamic landscape. The slow coastal vegetation expansion over the sandy lands followed the oceanic oscillations rhythm. While the holocenic barrier had been prograded, increasing the sandy ridges, the vegetation coverage was fixing the sand dune alignment, generating the conditions needed to occupation, which can be seen on the archeological facies that are identified on the recorded stratigraphic profiles. The excavation at Sambaqui of Recreio and the application of geophysical prospecting methods on subsurface allowed to relate the sambaquis occupations to an environment where sandy ridges series interspersed by small lagoons characterize the specific environment chosen for the occupations. However, the marine transgression started one or two millenniums ago had been responsible for the destruction of part of the shore, it has been destroying part of the original landscape, and possibly the sites here established. |