Análise morfológica das fissuras labiopalatinas pré-forame incisivo unilaterais completas por meio de radiografias oclusal, panorâmica e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Ibrahim, Danilo
• Orientador(a): Heitz, Cláiton
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre
• Palavras-chave em Português: ODONTOLOGIA; RADIOGRAFIA PANORÂMICA; TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTADORIZADA; FISSURA LABIOPALATAL
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/375

The present study assessed oral clefts and their adjacent anatomical structures by means of occlusal and panoramic radiography and the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) technique, with a descriptive analysis design, using linear and volumetric measurements. The study sample comprised 12 patients with complete unilateral pre-incisive foramen clefts treated at the Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru). Films and scans were manipulated by software packages. Cleft area was calculated with each diagnostic modality, and cleft volume, by CBCT. Measurements were obtained from axial CBCT slices, 3 mm and 6 mm above the cementoenamel junction and at the level of the apex, for assessment of the thickness of the alveolar ridge adjacents to the cleft. Four measurements were obtained from the panoramic CBCTs for measurement of the length of cleft-adjacent roots and alveolar ridges. The results showed that CBCT was significantly superior to occlusal and panoramic radiographs for measurement of cleft area, with mean measured values of 803 mm2, 40. 36 mm2, and 50. 84mm2 respectively (p≤0,05, Student's t test), and 889. 9 mm3 for volume measurement. Mean root length of the teeth mesial and distal to the cleft was 9. 91 mm and 10. 56 mm respectively, and mean bony coverage of the roots, 73. 73% and 86. 38% respectively. We conclude that CBCT was able to reveal a significantly larger bone defect area than occlusal or panoramic radiographs; allowed measurement of root and bony ridge lengths in the areas adjacent to clefts, as well as more accurate measurement of bone thickness around the roots of teeth, enabling improved planning of the amount of bone required for secondary alveolar bone grafting procedures; and provided clearer, more faithful reproductions of the details of the cleft area, with no overlap of anatomical structures.