Financiamento à inovação para MPMES: o emergente crowdfunding

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Bronzeri, Marcia de Souza
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Positivo; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração; Pós-Graduação; UP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Administração; Pequenas e médias empresas - Finanças; Difusão de inovações; Inovações tecnológicas; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2011

Crowdfunding, a way for capturing small amounts of multi-person financial resources, can be a complementary option to financing technological innovation. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the crowdfunding contribution to the technological innovation of product, service and process, to micro, small and medium enterprise (MPMEs) in Brazil. It was developed a mixed method approach, with exploratory sequential design, with objectivist epistemological posture, and crosssectional, whose retrospective data collection were from 2010 to 2016 period. The level of analysis was the organization and unit of analysis crowdfunding campaigns for technological innovation, with data collected from those responsible for the campaigns. A multiple case study was developed, in the qualitative phase, with primary data collected through interviews, which were fully transcribed, and secondary data available on the platforms. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis using Atlas-ti software. In the quantitative phase, a survey was conducted, whose data were collected through an online, self-administered questionnaire, which were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results indicate that, in Brazil, there are some specific aspects in crowdfunding models, and specificities for technological innovation projects. Among the main contributions of crowdfunding to the campaigns analyzed were: easy access to financial resources, no bureaucracy, no guarantee requirement; access to financial resources with less risk; disclosure of the product, service, project or organization; conducting market pre-testing; obtaining information about the demand for a product/service in development or an innovative product/service; and the crowdfunding usage test for product funding. The hypothesis test indicated that: there is no a relation between the time of activity and the degree of crowdfunding success; there is no relation between the target value and the degree of crowdfunding success; there is no difference in crowdfunding's degree of success between for-profit projects and non-profit projects, financial crowdfunding has average target value and average time of activity greater than non financial one; there is relation between the time of activity and the target value; the relation between the targe value and the degree of crowdfunding success is not influenced by purpose of the project, type of crowdfunding, type of innovation, size of company nor localization; the relation between the time of activity and the degree of crowdfunding success is not influenced by purpose of the project, type of crowdfunding nor size of company, but it is influenced by type of innovation and localization. Complementary analyzes indicated that: there is no difference in average crowdfunding's degree of success between the types of crowdfunding, the types of innovation, the sizes of company nor localizations; percentage of fundraising, there is a relation between the time of activity and the percentage of fundraising, there is no difference in the average percentage of fundraising between the types of innovation, the sizes of companies nor the localizations, but there is difference between the types of crowdfunding. Crowdfunding has been proved as important for technological innovation projects, for-profit projects and non-profit projects, for micro, small and médium enterprises, with differents time of activities, and also to campaigns of individuals, in various region of Brazil, for the need for distinct amount of financial resources, through financial crowdfunding and non-financial crowdfunding, without significant diferences in crowdfunding's degree of success. But there are difficulties that can be minimized through government actions and crowdfunding associations, in order to promote the crowdfunding growth in Brazil.