Metodologia de apoio à decisão para a forma de transposição de fragmentos florestais por linhas de transmissão de energia elétrica, considerando aspectos técnicos, econômicos e ambientais

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Salustiano, Silvia Corrêa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Positivo; Brasil; Pós-Graduação; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão Ambiental; UP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Linhas de transmissão; Tomada de decisão; Impacto ambiental; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2440

The definition of construction techniques and heights of transmission line towers occurs at the beginning of a project. This phase is very important for both environmental and economic reasons, because the manner in which the structures are installed directly influences the project costs. The goal of the work reported herein was to develop a methodology to support the decision of crossing conserved vegetation areas with power lines, considering construction costs, the associated environmental impacts, and the risks of cutting or not the vegetation under the power line. Four alternatives were considered: using convencional tower heights, observing the technical safety requirements and employing conventional conductor slack stringing; or using differentiated tower heights and three different types of conductor stringing: tension stringing; model aircraft stringing; or helicopter stringing. The first alternative involves cutting all vegetation under the power line, with the company incurring the costs of environmental mitigation. The other techniques are less intrusive on the environment, but lead to higher construction costs. In order to analyze the best alternative it was necessary to consider the brazilian environmental laws related to cutting vegetation, and the decision-making methods most cited in the literature. Thus, it was decided to build a decision-making model based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). On this model, comparison criteria were established, which were grouped in three modules: budget, environment and risk. The AHP model was built using the SuperDecisions computer program. The model was applied in a case study in Piên, a city located in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Interviews were conducted with professionals working in transmission line design projects in order to establish comparisons between criteria, alternatives, and modules. A sensitivity analysis was also performed by changing the weights assigned to criteria and modules. The utilization of high towers and model aircraft stringing was deemed the best alternative for the case studied.