Desenvolvimento de uma nova configuração de biodigestor anaeróbio piloto com possibilidade de deslocamento in company para tratamento de resíduos orgânicos

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Bandiera, Valmor José
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Positivo; Brasil; Pós-Graduação; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia Industrial; UP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biodigestão anaeróbia; Piloto; Transportável; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2538

The objective of this study was to develop a pilot biodigester to be applied to the treatment of organic solid waste by anaerobic biodigestion with the possibility of shift in company. Initially, there were technical visits to farmers to assess the types of biodigesters used, design parameters and operational issues. Next, was performed a literature review to determine the design of anaerobic reactors used in the treatment of organic solid waste as well as key factors related to system design and physico-chemical and microbiological involved. Thus, a digester was built in stainless steel AISI 304, thickness 1.5 mm, with useful load capacity of 1,000 L, weighing about 380 kg, with an anchor type stirrer, a centrifugal pump for feeding, scum separator, electric control, electric resistance heating and can operate at a pressure of 1.5 kgf/cm3 . The equipment was installed at the University Positivo, Curitiba - PR, assessments of the potential for treatment of water from the river of Ribeirão Müller and later with food waste from the university refectory. In the first experiment we adopted the fed batch operation with pulses of water supply volume of 400 L / day, intermittent agitation, manual drive daily, ambient temperature and without inoculum. In the second experiment, the digester was inoculated and the electrical resistance was driven to control the temperature at 35 ° C (+ 2 ° C), food and agitation followed procedures similar to the first experiment. In the third experiment, the bioreactor was inoculated and fed by continuous addition of 1 kg / day of food triturated with controlled temperature (35 ± 2 ° C) and stirring synchronized with the electrical resistance. During the process variables were monitored at the inlet and outlet of the bioreactor as pH, temperature, alkalinity, volatile acidity, total solids, volatile solids and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results obtained in the first and second experiment did not indicate the metabolism of the organic load, because there was no change in COD. In the third experiment, the digester results showed differences that characterize microbial activity, with 56% reduction of COD and maintenance of pH and alkalinity of the medium. Biogas production has occurred and was verified by placing a collection bag in the days following the experiment.