Associação entre polimorfismos genéticos, disfunção temporomandibular, cárie dentária e ansiedade

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Spada, Paula Porto
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Positivo; Brasil; Pós-Graduação; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia Clínica; UP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Odontologia; Ansiedade; Cárie dentária; Síndrome da disfunção da articulação temporomandibular; Polimorfismo genético; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ODONTOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2162

Dental Caries and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) are among the main diseases that affect the oral cavity of Brazilians, are multifactorial pathologies, strongly influenced by environmental factors, including anxiety, and recent studies indicates that the genetic background of individuals contributes to the aggravation of these two conditions. The purpose of this thesis, written in manuscript format, was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in two genes, Catechol-OMethyltransferase (COMT) and Serotonin (5-HTT) with Temporomandibular Disorder, Dental Caries and Anxiety in an Adolescent Population residents of Curitiba. This study used a randomized sample of 249 individuals aged 10 to 14 years, examined in a previous study. TMD was diagnosed using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Dysfuction (RDC / TMD) and the adolescents were divided into subgroups: myofascial pain (with or without opening limitation); disc displacement (with or without reduction) and arthralgia. The dental caries index was evaluated by the Decayed and Missing Teeth Index (DMFT) and the students were subdivided into two groups: DMFT = 0 and DMFT ≥ 1. Adolescent anxiety was accessed through the StateTrait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal cells and the 5HTT (rs1042173, rs3813034) and COMT (rs4818, rs6269) gene polymorphisms were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction using the TaqMan assay. Data were analyzed using Epi Info 3.5.7 software (p = 0.05). The crude (ORc) and adjusted (ORa) prevalence ratios were calculated by multivariate logistic regression. COMT polymorphisms (rs4818 and rs6269) were significantly associated with TMD in the myofascial pain subgroup (ORa = 2.44, 95% CI 1.41–4.23, p = 0.001 and ORa = 2.21, 95% CI 1 , 27–3.83, p = 0.004), in the disk displacement subgroup (ORa = 2.14, 95% CI 1.10–4.18, p = 0.02 and ORa = 2.24; 95% CI 1.13–4.44; p = 0.002 for rs6269), and in the arthralgia subgroup (ORa = 2.00, 95% CI 1.20–3.33 and ORa = 1.73, 95% CI 1.04– 2.88). In addition, the rs6269 polymorphism was associated with anxiety (ORa = 2.34; 95% CI 1.04-5.25; p = 0.004). The rs1042173 polymorphism in 5HTT was significantly associated with joint pain (ORa = 2.91, 95% CI 1.14-3.19, p = 0.004). Regarding dental caries, the rs38133034 genetic polymorphism in 5-HTT in the genotypic model was associated with a higher risk of dental caries (p = 0.02). None of the polymorphisms were associated with anxiety; however, anxious adolescents had a lower risk of tooth decay. It can be concluded that 5HTT and COMT gene polymorphisms are associated with TMD, dental caries and anxiety in adolescents.