Processo eletroquímico combinado com ultrassom: um tratamento alternativo para efluentes agroindustriais

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Emerick, Tuane
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Eletrocoagulação-flotação; Ultrassom; Agroalimentares; Laticínios; Abatedouros; Tratamento de efluentes; Águas residuais
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.animaeducacao.com.br/handle/ANIMA/2498

The agrifood industries of milk processing (dairy) and slaughtering of animals (slaughterers) consume large volumes of water during the production process and the generated effluents present high contaminant loads, strong coloration and unpleasant odor. In addition, these effluents have a characteristic that gives water, high concentrations of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and fecal coliforms. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of the treatment of agrifood effluents from dairy and slaughterhouse of pigs using the electrochemical technique (ECF) combined with ultrasound using aluminum (Al) and aluminum with iron (Al /Faith). To achieve this objective, samples were taken in two periods during the year where a considerable volume of effluents collected at the entrance to the effluent treatment plant of a slaughterhouse of pigs and a dairy, and then the tests carried out. The collected effluents were submitted to electrochemical laboratory tests of ECF with and without the use of ultrasound, using an electrochemical reactor with aluminum and aluminum electrodes with iron, varying the exposure time (0-60 min), current density (1 a 5 A) and the electrical potential of the reactor (0 to 24 V). The results showed that the electrocoagulation-flotation process is efficient for the removal of the contaminants in the effluents generated in slaughterhouses of swine and dairy products. The best results for the treatment of swine and dairy effluent were obtained with electric potential around 6 V, time of approximately 40 minutes, current density of 5 A and spacing between the 10 mm plates, regardless of type of electrode used (Al or Al / Fe) coupled to ultrasonic vessel. All parameters analyzed after treatment of pig and / or dairy effluent by ECF showed an average efficiency above 90% in the removal of the contaminants when the aluminum or aluminum electrode with iron was used. Similar results were observed when the ultrasound-assisted ECF process was used, and the treatment time lasted only 25 minutes while maintaining high efficiency.