Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte
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| Hlavní autor: | |
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| Datum vydání: | 2023 |
| Médium: | Master thesis |
| Jazyk: | por |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da UPF |
| Download full: | https://repositorio.upf.br/handle/123456789/10040 |
Shrnutí: | On the world stage, Brazil is a major producer of wheat and broilers. The states of southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná, comprise most of the wheat production in the country and are also the largest poultry producers. Wheat is a food widely used for animal and human consumption. Giberella, a disease caused by the fungus Fusarium gramineaium in wheat, stands out for being difficult to control and capable of producing a highly toxic mycotoxin known as Deoxynivalenol (DON). This toxin remains viable in wheat grains, even after processing, and is likely to be consumed by humans in wheat-derived foods and also by animals, leading to acute, subacute and cumulative clinical signs. The National Health Surveillance Agency, with the Collegiate Board Resolution (RDC) nº 7, reduced the maximum tolerated limits (LMT) for mycotoxins, such as Deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat grains, processed wheat, barley and rice. The high incidence of fungal growth in regions with higher humidity, where the largest cereal plantations are located in Brazil, compromises production and raises the levels of mycotoxin found in wheat, sometimes reaching the maximum limit for human consumption. The use of wheat contaminated with DON for animal feed translates into a zootechnical result with significant losses. Among the different existing methods for deactivating mycotoxins, ammonia gas has proven to be the most efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical result of broiler chickens fed wheat grains that underwent ammonization at a concentration of 1%. The experiment was approved by the Committee on Ethics in the Use of Animals of the University of Passo Fundo (CEUA-UPF) number 023/2022. The experiment was conducted by evaluating the control group (Untreated wheat) in relation to the treatment (Ammonized wheat). Each treatment was repeated 4 times, using 6 birds (3 males and 3 females) in each repetition. The inclusion of wheat in the diets started at 21 days of age until the birds were slaughtered. The evaluated parameters were: the weight gain of the animals, the feed conversion and the histopathological evaluation of the liver and intestine. According to the results obtained, the groups that received diet with ammoniated wheat had better feed conversion (p<0.05) compared to the control group; 1.41 at 42 days, 1.49 at 48 days and 1.53 at 42 days, 1.58 at 48 days, respectively. As for the daily weight gain, there was no statistical difference between birds that consumed ammonized wheat and control. In the histopathological evaluation of the small intestine and liver of broilers, those that received ammoniated wheat showed better integrity of the intestinal villi and less hepatic degeneration compared to the control group. Thus, the results of this work showed that ammonized wheat did not interfere with daily weight gain, improved feed conversion and integrity of intestinal villi in broiler chickens. |
| _version_ | 1871607643923021824 |
|---|---|
| author | Ferreira, Jaine Mendes |
| author_browse | Ferreira, Jaine Mendes |
| author_facet | Ferreira, Jaine Mendes |
| author_role | author |
| collection | Repositório Institucional da UPF |
| dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv | Ferreira, Jaine Mendes |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Pilotto, Fernando |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2023-08-30 2026-03-12T12:38:23Z 2026-03-12 |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv | FERREIRA, Jaine Mendes. Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte. 2023. 51 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Bioexperimentação) - Universidade de Passo Fundo, 2023. https://repositorio.upf.br/handle/123456789/10040 |
| dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv | por |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Universidade de Passo Fundo Brasil UPF Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios |
| dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UPF instname:Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF) instacron:UPF |
| dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv | Trigo Frango de corte Nutrição animal Amônia na nutrição animal Ciências Agrárias::Medicina Veterinária |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte |
| dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| dc.type.status.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| description | On the world stage, Brazil is a major producer of wheat and broilers. The states of southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná, comprise most of the wheat production in the country and are also the largest poultry producers. Wheat is a food widely used for animal and human consumption. Giberella, a disease caused by the fungus Fusarium gramineaium in wheat, stands out for being difficult to control and capable of producing a highly toxic mycotoxin known as Deoxynivalenol (DON). This toxin remains viable in wheat grains, even after processing, and is likely to be consumed by humans in wheat-derived foods and also by animals, leading to acute, subacute and cumulative clinical signs. The National Health Surveillance Agency, with the Collegiate Board Resolution (RDC) nº 7, reduced the maximum tolerated limits (LMT) for mycotoxins, such as Deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat grains, processed wheat, barley and rice. The high incidence of fungal growth in regions with higher humidity, where the largest cereal plantations are located in Brazil, compromises production and raises the levels of mycotoxin found in wheat, sometimes reaching the maximum limit for human consumption. The use of wheat contaminated with DON for animal feed translates into a zootechnical result with significant losses. Among the different existing methods for deactivating mycotoxins, ammonia gas has proven to be the most efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical result of broiler chickens fed wheat grains that underwent ammonization at a concentration of 1%. The experiment was approved by the Committee on Ethics in the Use of Animals of the University of Passo Fundo (CEUA-UPF) number 023/2022. The experiment was conducted by evaluating the control group (Untreated wheat) in relation to the treatment (Ammonized wheat). Each treatment was repeated 4 times, using 6 birds (3 males and 3 females) in each repetition. The inclusion of wheat in the diets started at 21 days of age until the birds were slaughtered. The evaluated parameters were: the weight gain of the animals, the feed conversion and the histopathological evaluation of the liver and intestine. According to the results obtained, the groups that received diet with ammoniated wheat had better feed conversion (p<0.05) compared to the control group; 1.41 at 42 days, 1.49 at 48 days and 1.53 at 42 days, 1.58 at 48 days, respectively. As for the daily weight gain, there was no statistical difference between birds that consumed ammonized wheat and control. In the histopathological evaluation of the small intestine and liver of broilers, those that received ammoniated wheat showed better integrity of the intestinal villi and less hepatic degeneration compared to the control group. Thus, the results of this work showed that ammonized wheat did not interfere with daily weight gain, improved feed conversion and integrity of intestinal villi in broiler chickens. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | masterThesis |
| id | UPF_d372e0f53ffb7910e046fdd934864fa2 |
| identifier_str_mv | FERREIRA, Jaine Mendes. Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte. 2023. 51 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Bioexperimentação) - Universidade de Passo Fundo, 2023. |
| instacron_str | UPF |
| institution | UPF |
| instname_str | Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF) |
| language | por |
| network_acronym_str | UPF |
| network_name_str | Repositório Institucional da UPF |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:repositorio.upf.br:123456789/10040 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Universidade de Passo Fundo Brasil UPF Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios |
| reponame_str | Repositório Institucional da UPF |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | jucelei@upf.br||biblio@upf.br |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | Repositório Institucional da UPF - Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF) |
| repository_id_str | 1610 |
| spelling | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corteTrigoFrango de corteNutrição animalAmônia na nutrição animalCiências Agrárias::Medicina VeterináriaOn the world stage, Brazil is a major producer of wheat and broilers. The states of southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná, comprise most of the wheat production in the country and are also the largest poultry producers. Wheat is a food widely used for animal and human consumption. Giberella, a disease caused by the fungus Fusarium gramineaium in wheat, stands out for being difficult to control and capable of producing a highly toxic mycotoxin known as Deoxynivalenol (DON). This toxin remains viable in wheat grains, even after processing, and is likely to be consumed by humans in wheat-derived foods and also by animals, leading to acute, subacute and cumulative clinical signs. The National Health Surveillance Agency, with the Collegiate Board Resolution (RDC) nº 7, reduced the maximum tolerated limits (LMT) for mycotoxins, such as Deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat grains, processed wheat, barley and rice. The high incidence of fungal growth in regions with higher humidity, where the largest cereal plantations are located in Brazil, compromises production and raises the levels of mycotoxin found in wheat, sometimes reaching the maximum limit for human consumption. The use of wheat contaminated with DON for animal feed translates into a zootechnical result with significant losses. Among the different existing methods for deactivating mycotoxins, ammonia gas has proven to be the most efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical result of broiler chickens fed wheat grains that underwent ammonization at a concentration of 1%. The experiment was approved by the Committee on Ethics in the Use of Animals of the University of Passo Fundo (CEUA-UPF) number 023/2022. The experiment was conducted by evaluating the control group (Untreated wheat) in relation to the treatment (Ammonized wheat). Each treatment was repeated 4 times, using 6 birds (3 males and 3 females) in each repetition. The inclusion of wheat in the diets started at 21 days of age until the birds were slaughtered. The evaluated parameters were: the weight gain of the animals, the feed conversion and the histopathological evaluation of the liver and intestine. According to the results obtained, the groups that received diet with ammoniated wheat had better feed conversion (p<0.05) compared to the control group; 1.41 at 42 days, 1.49 at 48 days and 1.53 at 42 days, 1.58 at 48 days, respectively. As for the daily weight gain, there was no statistical difference between birds that consumed ammonized wheat and control. In the histopathological evaluation of the small intestine and liver of broilers, those that received ammoniated wheat showed better integrity of the intestinal villi and less hepatic degeneration compared to the control group. Thus, the results of this work showed that ammonized wheat did not interfere with daily weight gain, improved feed conversion and integrity of intestinal villi in broiler chickens.CAPESO mastocitoma é um tumor maligno causado pela proliferação de mastócitos com elevada prevalência, em cães correspondendo a 10% dos tumores cutâneos em cães. O diagnóstico dessa neoplasma pode ser realizado através de citopatologia como forma de triagem. Modelos matemáticos tem como objetivo escrever, explicar e prever fenômenos e processos, sendo uma ferramenta importante que pode auxiliar o entendimento dos sistemas biológicos que não podem ser compreendidos apenas pelo raciocínio verbal. Camus et al. (2016) propuseram um sistema de classificação citológica em que o mastocitoma é considerado de alto grau se houver granulação pobre ou duas de outras quatro características (presença de quaisquer figuras mitóticas, pleomorfismo, binucleação ou multinucleação ou anisocariose acentuada [> 50% de variação no tamanho nuclear]). Embora o algorítimo desenvolvido seja utilizado na rotina laboratorial e apresente alta especificidade e sensibilidade para tumores de alto grau, ainda se observa a possibilidade de 1/3 dos tumores de baixo grau serem classificados erroneamente como de alto grau no exame citopatológico. Dessa forma, outros modelos para a classificação dos mastocitomas, empregando o exame citológico, se fazem necessários, na tentativa de atingir um grau de confiança desejável. Assim, o presente estudo, teve como objetivo obter um modelo matemático com maior acurácia para determinação de mastocitomas. Para esse fim foram avaliados 99 cães de diferentes raças e de ambos os sexos, que realizaram exame citopatológico e histopatológico com diagnóstico de mastocitoma cutâneo. Foram determinados parâmetros de inclusão, como a descrição citopatológica de critérios específicos pleomorfismo, anisocitose, anisocariose, número de nucléolos e alterações nucleolares, envolvimento mesenquimal, infiltrado eosinofílico, nível de granulação, grau de inflamação, multinecluação e presença de figuras de mitose), de forma padronizada e a realização de exame histopatológico em um intervalo de tempo de até oito semanas, utilizando como variável desfecho o sistema Kiupel. A partir da seleção dos casos, o conjunto de dados foi dividido aleatoriamente em duas partes, com 70% das observações atribuídas aleatoriamente ao conjunto de treinamento e validação e os 30% restantes para avaliar seu desempenho. Para o treinamento do modelo, utilizou-se o modelo linear generalizado (família binomial, função de ligação logit). Em decorrência do tamanho limitado do conjunto de dados, empregou-se a técnica de validação cruzada k-fold, por sua capacidade de produzir resultados de desempenho imparciais, optando-se por uma estratégia de validação cruzada de 10 vezes. Sequencialmente, foram calculados os valores preditivos do modelo a partir do conjunto de dados teste e as métricas de desempenho como acurácia, kappa, taxa de falta de informação (NIR) foram avaliadas por meio da função "confusionMatrix()" do pacote ¿caret¿. O modelo obteve uma acurácia de 0,86, com intervalo de confiança de 95% variando de 0,66 a 0,96, e valor p de 0,012, com sensibilidade de 0,80 e especificidade de 0,89. Os resultados obtidos foram capazes de reduzir a probabilidade de classificar mastocitoma de baixo grau como alto grau, em comparação a estudos anteriores. Além disso, foram definidas as variáveis com valores de importância para a classificação do modelo "número máximo de nucléolos", "figuras de mitose" "anisocariose" e "anisocitose".Universidade de Passo FundoBrasilUPFPrograma de Pós-Graduação em BioexperimentaçãoEscola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e NegóciosPilotto, FernandoFerreira, Jaine Mendes2026-03-12T12:38:23Z2026-03-122023-08-30info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfFERREIRA, Jaine Mendes. Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte. 2023. 51 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Bioexperimentação) - Universidade de Passo Fundo, 2023.https://repositorio.upf.br/handle/123456789/10040porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UPFinstname:Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF)instacron:UPF2026-03-13T03:01:58Zoai:repositorio.upf.br:123456789/10040Repositório InstitucionalPRIhttp://repositorio.upf.br/oai/requestjucelei@upf.br||biblio@upf.bropendoar:16102026-03-13T03:01:58Repositório Institucional da UPF - Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF) |
| spellingShingle | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte Ferreira, Jaine Mendes Trigo Frango de corte Nutrição animal Amônia na nutrição animal Ciências Agrárias::Medicina Veterinária |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte |
| title_full | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte |
| title_fullStr | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte |
| title_full_unstemmed | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte |
| title_short | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte |
| title_sort | Desativação do deoxinivalenol em grãos de trigo com gás amônia e seu efeito na dieta de frangos de corte |
| topic | Trigo Frango de corte Nutrição animal Amônia na nutrição animal Ciências Agrárias::Medicina Veterinária |
| url | https://repositorio.upf.br/handle/123456789/10040 |