Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient?
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| Publicatiedatum: | 2024 |
| Andere auteurs: | , , , |
| Formaat: | Article |
| Taal: | eng |
| Bron: | Repositório Institucional da UnB |
| Download full: | http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/54455 https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S441799 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-9404 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9778-2800 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-7003 |
Samenvatting: | Null hypothesis significant testing (NHST) is the dominant statistical approach in the geriatric and rehabilitation fields. However, NHST is routinely misunderstood or misused. In this case, the findings from clinical trials would be taken as evidence of no effect, when in fact, a clinically relevant question may have a “non-significant” p-value. Conversely, findings are considered clinically relevant when significant differences are observed between groups. To assume that p-value is not an exclusive indicator of an association or the existence of an effect, researchers should be encouraged to report other statistical analysis approaches as Bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools alongside the p-value (eg, effect size, confidence intervals, minimal clinically important difference, and magnitude-based inference) to improve interpretation of the findings of clinical trials by presenting a more efficient and comprehensive analysis. However, the focus on Bayesian analysis and secondary statistical analyses does not mean that NHST is less important. Only that, to observe a real intervention effect, researchers should use a combination of secondary statistical analyses in conjunction with NHST or Bayesian statistical analysis to reveal what p-values cannot show in the geriatric and rehabilitation studies (eg, the clinical importance of 1kg increase in handgrip strength in the intervention group of long-lived older adults compared to a control group). This paper provides potential insights for improving the interpretation of scientific data in rehabilitation and geriatric fields by utilizing Bayesian and secondary statistical analyses to better scrutinize the results of clinical trials where a p-value alone may not be appropriate to determine the efficacy of an intervention. |
| _version_ | 1871442505220751360 |
|---|---|
| author | Nascimento, Dahan da Cunha |
| author2 | Rolnick, Nicholas Almeida, Isabella da Silva Cipriano Junior, Gerson Durigan, João Luiz Quagliotti |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_browse | Almeida, Isabella da Silva Cipriano Junior, Gerson Durigan, João Luiz Quagliotti Nascimento, Dahan da Cunha Rolnick, Nicholas |
| author_facet | Nascimento, Dahan da Cunha Rolnick, Nicholas Almeida, Isabella da Silva Cipriano Junior, Gerson Durigan, João Luiz Quagliotti |
| author_role | author |
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| collection | Repositório Institucional da UnB |
| dc.contributor.affiliation.pt_BR.fl_str_mv | Universidade Católica de Brasília, Physical Education Department Lehman College, The Human Performance Mechanic Department Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Laboratory of Muscle and Tendon Plasticity Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Science Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Laboratory of Muscle and Tendon Plasticity |
| dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv | Nascimento, Dahan da Cunha Rolnick, Nicholas Almeida, Isabella da Silva Cipriano Junior, Gerson Durigan, João Luiz Quagliotti |
| dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv | 2026-05-25T12:48:03Z |
| dc.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2026-05-25T12:48:03Z |
| dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv | 2024-02 |
| dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv | NASCIMENTO, Dahan da Cunha et al. Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields: are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient?. Clinical Interventions in Aging, [S. l.], v. 19, p. 277-287, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S441799. Disponível em: https://www.dovepress.com/frequentist-bayesian-analysis-and-complementary-statistical-tools-for--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CIA. Acesso em: 19 maio 2026. |
| dc.identifier.doi.pt_BR.fl_str_mv | https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S441799 |
| dc.identifier.orcid.pt_BR.fl_str_mv | http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-9404 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9778-2800 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-7003 |
| dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv | http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/54455 |
| dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Dovepress |
| dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB instname:Universidade de Brasília (UnB) instacron:UNB |
| dc.subject.keyword.pt_BR.fl_str_mv | Estatística Análise bayesiana Ferramentas de estudo |
| dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? |
| dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| description | Null hypothesis significant testing (NHST) is the dominant statistical approach in the geriatric and rehabilitation fields. However, NHST is routinely misunderstood or misused. In this case, the findings from clinical trials would be taken as evidence of no effect, when in fact, a clinically relevant question may have a “non-significant” p-value. Conversely, findings are considered clinically relevant when significant differences are observed between groups. To assume that p-value is not an exclusive indicator of an association or the existence of an effect, researchers should be encouraged to report other statistical analysis approaches as Bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools alongside the p-value (eg, effect size, confidence intervals, minimal clinically important difference, and magnitude-based inference) to improve interpretation of the findings of clinical trials by presenting a more efficient and comprehensive analysis. However, the focus on Bayesian analysis and secondary statistical analyses does not mean that NHST is less important. Only that, to observe a real intervention effect, researchers should use a combination of secondary statistical analyses in conjunction with NHST or Bayesian statistical analysis to reveal what p-values cannot show in the geriatric and rehabilitation studies (eg, the clinical importance of 1kg increase in handgrip strength in the intervention group of long-lived older adults compared to a control group). This paper provides potential insights for improving the interpretation of scientific data in rehabilitation and geriatric fields by utilizing Bayesian and secondary statistical analyses to better scrutinize the results of clinical trials where a p-value alone may not be appropriate to determine the efficacy of an intervention. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
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| identifier_str_mv | NASCIMENTO, Dahan da Cunha et al. Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields: are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient?. Clinical Interventions in Aging, [S. l.], v. 19, p. 277-287, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S441799. Disponível em: https://www.dovepress.com/frequentist-bayesian-analysis-and-complementary-statistical-tools-for--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CIA. Acesso em: 19 maio 2026. |
| instacron_str | UNB |
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| instname_str | Universidade de Brasília (UnB) |
| language | eng |
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| network_name_str | Repositório Institucional da UnB |
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| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Dovepress |
| reponame_str | Repositório Institucional da UnB |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | repositorio@unb.br |
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| spelling | Nascimento, Dahan da CunhaRolnick, NicholasAlmeida, Isabella da SilvaCipriano Junior, GersonDurigan, João Luiz QuagliottiUniversidade Católica de Brasília, Physical Education DepartmentLehman College, The Human Performance Mechanic DepartmentUniversidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Laboratory of Muscle and Tendon PlasticityUniversidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation ScienceUniversidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Laboratory of Muscle and Tendon Plasticity2026-05-25T12:48:03Z2026-05-25T12:48:03Z2024-02NASCIMENTO, Dahan da Cunha et al. Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields: are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient?. Clinical Interventions in Aging, [S. l.], v. 19, p. 277-287, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S441799. Disponível em: https://www.dovepress.com/frequentist-bayesian-analysis-and-complementary-statistical-tools-for--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CIA. Acesso em: 19 maio 2026.http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/54455https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S441799http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-9404http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9778-2800http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-7003engDovepress2024 Nascimento et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/ terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFrequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient?info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleEstatísticaAnálise bayesianaFerramentas de estudoNull hypothesis significant testing (NHST) is the dominant statistical approach in the geriatric and rehabilitation fields. However, NHST is routinely misunderstood or misused. In this case, the findings from clinical trials would be taken as evidence of no effect, when in fact, a clinically relevant question may have a “non-significant” p-value. Conversely, findings are considered clinically relevant when significant differences are observed between groups. To assume that p-value is not an exclusive indicator of an association or the existence of an effect, researchers should be encouraged to report other statistical analysis approaches as Bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools alongside the p-value (eg, effect size, confidence intervals, minimal clinically important difference, and magnitude-based inference) to improve interpretation of the findings of clinical trials by presenting a more efficient and comprehensive analysis. However, the focus on Bayesian analysis and secondary statistical analyses does not mean that NHST is less important. Only that, to observe a real intervention effect, researchers should use a combination of secondary statistical analyses in conjunction with NHST or Bayesian statistical analysis to reveal what p-values cannot show in the geriatric and rehabilitation studies (eg, the clinical importance of 1kg increase in handgrip strength in the intervention group of long-lived older adults compared to a control group). This paper provides potential insights for improving the interpretation of scientific data in rehabilitation and geriatric fields by utilizing Bayesian and secondary statistical analyses to better scrutinize the results of clinical trials where a p-value alone may not be appropriate to determine the efficacy of an intervention.Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúde (FCTS) – Campus UnB CeilândiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias em SaúdePrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitaçãoreponame:Repositório Institucional da UnBinstname:Universidade de Brasília (UnB)instacron:UNBORIGINALARTIGO_FrequentistBayesianAnalysis.pdfARTIGO_FrequentistBayesianAnalysis.pdfapplication/pdf2508715http://repositorio.unb.br/bitstream/10482/54455/1/ARTIGO_FrequentistBayesianAnalysis.pdf03462d4a666a2e1319bdda3785fc538fMD51open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain102http://repositorio.unb.br/bitstream/10482/54455/2/license.txtaed4704d04bb260d4decd80db311aaa5MD52open access10482/544552026-05-25 09:48:04.259open accessoai:repositorio.unb.br:10482/54455U3VibWlzc8OjbyBlZmV0aXZhZGEgZGUgYWNvcmRvIGNvbSBsaWNlbsOnYSBjb25jZWRpZGEgcGVsbyBhdXRvciBlL291IGRldGVudG9yIGRvcyBkaXJlaXRvcyBhdXRvcmFpcy4KRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.unb.br/oai/requestrepositorio@unb.bropendoar:2026-05-25T12:48:04Repositório Institucional da UnB - Universidade de Brasília (UnB) |
| spellingShingle | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? Nascimento, Dahan da Cunha Estatística Análise bayesiana Ferramentas de estudo |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? |
| title_full | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? |
| title_fullStr | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? |
| title_short | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? |
| title_sort | Frequentist, bayesian analysis and complementary statistical tools for geriatric and rehabilitation fields : are traditional null-hypothesis significance testing methods sufficient? |
| topic | Estatística Análise bayesiana Ferramentas de estudo |
| url | http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/54455 https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S441799 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-9404 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9778-2800 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-7003 |