Do consenso da fome à soberania alimentar: políticas públicas e produção de alimentos saudáveis na região metropolitana de Goiânia (GO)
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| Main Author: | |
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| Publication Date: | 2024 |
| Format: | Doctoral thesis |
| Language: | por |
| Source: | Repositório Institucional da UFG |
| Download full: | http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/13428 |
Summary: | The present study addresses as a central theme the analysis of public food acquisition policies, focusing on the relationship between food production, institutional markets and short circuits in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia (RMG) in the light of a geographical reading. The objective of the research is to understand the role of institutional markets for the promotion of two short marketing circuits and for the construction of food sovereignty in Brazil, with the territorial cutback being RGM in the period from 2003 to 2020. The hypothesis is that the Brazilian food system is controlled by food empires that prioritize the production of commodities and industrialized/ultra-processed foods, promoting the subordination of land income from peasant agriculture, the rise of large supermarket chains and the standardization of eating habits, which contributes to the loss of dietary diversity and the maintenance of hunger. For this, the methodological procedures consisted of bibliographical research, secondary data collection from IBGE, CONAB, CEASA-GO, Rede Penssan; carrying out fieldwork in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia (RMG), and carrying out an online survey on the food purchasing habits of Brazilians. The class nature of the State is adopted as an assumption, which is made up of power blocs, in favor of the dominant classes. The evaluation of the implementation of public food acquisition policies revealed significant results for achieving food and nutritional security and for the commercialization of peasant production through institutional markets. However, these changes were limited to government policies, which did not guarantee the maintenance of the advances achieved in combating hunger with the rise of neoliberalism. Thus, with the political, social, and economic crisis that took place since 2016, the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and the dismantling of public social policies, such as the PAA, Brazil returned to the Hunger Map, causing 33 million Brazilians to live with hunger again, in a country that leads the production of agricultural commodities on the world market. This research highlights the correlation between the State and the founding elements of food production, circulation, distribution, and consumption, highlighting the disparities in relation to subsidies allocated to peasant agriculture and agribusiness. In effect, the production of commodities is prioritized over food production, through a production and circulation infrastructure promoted by the State. The constitution of this hegemonic food system is also marked by the expansion of food empires, promoting food standardization with the dissemination of industrialized and ultra-processed products and the subordination of peasants and consumers in the marketing and consumption processes. Such aspects highlight the Hunger Consensus. However, despite the predominance of long marketing circuits and the substantial increase in hunger, field observations have shown that it is possible to rethink this food system and promote short marketing circuits by bringing farmers and consumers closer together. Thus, counter-hegemonic actions are crucial for strengthening food sovereignty, with the valorization of peasant agriculture and agro-ecological production, guaranteeing access to healthy food in the countryside and in the city. |
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