Cardiotoxicity associated with oncological chemotherapy: Identification of risk factors

• Main Author: Silva, Paloma Geralda Mizael de Paula
• Publication Date: 2021
• Other Authors: Paula, Vanessa Galdino de, Almeida, Luana Ferreira de, Carvalho, Eloá Carneiro, Varella, Thereza Christina Mó y Mó Loureiro, Soares, Samira Silva Santos, Souza, Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira, Pereira, Sandra Regina Maciqueira, Andrade, Karla Biancha Silva de
• Format: Article
• Language: por
• Source: Research, Society and Development
• Download full: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/12299
• topic: Neoplasms; Clinical Protocol; Risk Factors; Cardiotoxicity.; Neoplasias; Protocolo Clínico; Factores de Riesgo; Cardiotoxicidad.; Neoplasias; Protocolo Clínico; Fatores de Risco; Cardiotoxicidade.

Objective: To identify the risk factors for cardiotoxicity in cancer patients undergoing antineoplastic treatment. Methodology: Integrative literature review, performed in the MEDLINE/PUBMED, SCIELO AND VHL databases, by crossing the descriptors: neoplasms, clinical protocols, risk factors and cardiotoxicity and their respective interconnected terms by the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”, with a time frame from 2017 to 2019). Results: After reading and analyzing the works (n: 30) found, seven categories emerged: Overweight and obesity; cardiac arrhythmias; preexisting disease, mediastinal irradiation, genetic predisposition; physical inactivity; systolic arterial hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking; long therapy time and cumulative dose; association of chemotherapy classes. Conclusion: Many risk factors are present in cancer patients, thus contributing to the development of cardiotoxicity. Accordingly, it is essential that oncological nursing has, in its practice, focus on early identification of them, in order to prevent and control cardiotoxicity.