Synthetic Calcium Phosphate Ceramics as a Potential Treatment for Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

• Autor(a) principal: Paulo, Siri
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Outros Autores: Laranjo, Mafalda, Abrantes, Ana M., Casalta-Lopes, João, Santos, Kathleen, Gonçalves, Ana C., Paula, Anabela Baptista, Marto, Carlos Miguel, Ribeiro, Ana Bela Sarmento, Carrilho, Eunice, Serra, Arménio C., Botelho, Maria F., Ferreira, Manuel M.
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
• Texto Completo: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/107149; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12111840
• topic: biomaterials; biomineralization; bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; cellular biology; gingival fibroblasts; osteonecrosis; zoledronate

(1) Background: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is one of the most often seen side effects in patients treated with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (BPs), a post-surgical non-healing wound condition. Since calcium phosphate (CP) compounds are able to adsorb zoledronate (ZOL) when used as a drug delivery vehicle, we aimed to verify if these ceramics might have a potential protective effect for soft tissues surrounding surgical osseous wounds. (2) Methods: The chemical reaction between ZOL and CP compounds was evaluated through ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and elemental analysis. A primary culture of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) was established as a model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the association of ZOL (5-500 μM) and of ZOL/biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP). Metabolic activity, cell viability, types of cell death, the cell cycle through, and the migration ability of human gingival fibroblasts were evaluated. (3) Results: ZOL was adsorbed by biphasic calcium phosphate compounds in an aqueous solution. The HGF were sensitive to ZOL toxicity; nevertheless, ZOL/BCP showed a significant protective effect regarding metabolic activity, cell viability, and cell migration. (4) Conclusions: BCP interaction with ZOL reduces or abolishes its toxicity in HGF. This finding represents a potential solution for BRONJ in the case of patients undergoing therapy with ZOL.